I think you've asked the question, who's answer, that if it could be bottled, would be worth millions. I know I'd pay and have. I truly think the figuring out how to get them to bite is what has me addicted to this sport. But as the previous poster mentions, if you want an explicit answer and I get the impression your looking for an explict answer, you need to ask a question that has much more detail to it. As and example, I am fishing lake xyz, I'm fishing from a boat/shore, a description of the structure, cover, depth, location on the lake(example, main lake points, secondary points, coves, etc), water color, temperature, area of the country, your bait choices, presentation, etc. The forum crowd will then be able to provide explicit instruction.
That being said, here's some suggestions:
1. Contact folks in your area that are experienced fishermen to take you out. You will learn more, both good and not so good this way. I say fishermen, which means multple, that way you get different perspectives, and you will find what works for you and what is just bs.
2. Join a bass fishing club. There are clubs of all types all over the country, clubs are a great way to achieve item 1 above. Most clubs meet on some schedule and have a variety of offerings, so look around before jumping in to find the one that suites your needs.
3. Your posting now, so I assume your fishing now. which means fall patterns, in the Northern hemisphere. You've posted to the smallmouth forum, so I hope your fishing in a lake with a well known population of smallmouth.
4. Check out magazine or website articles for fall pattern techniques for smallmouth.
5. Everyone has their go to baits and techniques, you will develop your own over time.
6. For beginners I always suggest one technique, plastics on a jig head dragging the bottom. Try a 3.5 to 4 inch tube bait and start with a heavy jig head, like 1/2 ounce so you get the feel for inching the bait along the bottom. Watermelon/black flake is my personal favorite, but the darker the water the darker the color. Buy a few your gonna loose some, but then you'll know your doing it right. Your tube represents a crawdad to the smallie, which is a favorite prey, in most waters. Make long casts and let the bait drop to the bottom, then vary your retrieve back to the boat or shore with the bait never loosing contact with the bottom. Inch it along by twitching your rod tip or just simply raising it, a few inches and then reeling up the slack. Pratice in the shallows so you can see what your doing. Does it look like a crawdad. Is the jig head end down and dragging along the bottom, while the tubes tentacles are pointing up and representing the crawdads penchers in a defensive position.
7. As you become adept, you will find that changing the weight, will change your presentation which is needed for different conditions.
8. Repeat 6 for one entire day. Don't give up, it will work. If your on the shore work your way around the lakes shore, moving 1/2 the distance of your cast every 7-10 casts. When you do catch that first fish, take notice of where you casted and do it again and again until you don't catch anything, then change to a different bait on that area. Look for any differences in the bottom, structure or cover. Bass will simply hang near any irregularity. If there is a lake thats a perfect circle with nothing but sand everywhere on a perfectly flat bottom, and I threw in one rock, I would keep fishing near that rock.
9. Write down what you did that was sucessful, and where, weather conditions, date, water clarity, air and water temps. Be specific. Write as much as you know. This will serve as a reminder.... yes.... but even more important is you will re-enforce in your own mind what you did. A college instructor taught me that you will never know it till you have to teach it. By writing it down your are acting as your own instructor.
10. Be persistent. The smallie is far more persistent that you will ever be, which is our advantage.
Good luck, hope it helps,
Steve