I know guys will shake their heads but Daiwa years ago made a rod where the line went through the blank and had zero guides on it except the tip. Cabelas also copied this rod and was called the innercast. Question is this... Does anyone know if these components are still able to be purchased and where I would find them? And do most blanks have a smooth inside tube or is there certain blanks that would need to be used for this application. 

Daiwa still makes them, but only for the Australian market. I had one, and I really liked it, until I broke it. I'd buy another one in a heartbeat.

I don't think they ever sold the components for that system. If you could get the parts, you would have to cut a slot in the rod blank to accept the first guide. I'd be willing to bet a paycheck that the rod would then break the first time it was flexed.

I'd also be willing to bet that the slot is formed during the blank making process, and not cut out later.

Any advantage that rod had in the day is less if not negative now that we have such light, small, guides.  Also, I expect that the friction of the line in the blank, regardless of surface finish on the blank, would far exceed that of a good set of properly selected and spaced guides.  If the idea really had merit, it would not have died. IMHO