I've never tried to fish a golf course, however I have thought of doing so many times and after reading these post I think I will definitely I will try soon.

Get a map of the area that illustrates the ponds and lakes.

Golf course ponds are usually noted on the maps.

Or, walk around the golf course on the days when it is closed, usually Mondays for most golf courses.

Great fishing in those ponds.  

early in the spring i got booted out of a golf course even though the manager gave me the OK to fish it. they are a customer of mine but i got approached by an old golfer who i guess stocks it out of his own pocket , he asked if i were a member and paid dues (dues are a few thousand a month, huh!) i said no and he says see ya! pointing towards my car . the fishing was OK but not that good ,the pond was near the last hole and you literally had to dodge golf balls landing around you.

I work maintenance on a course and will fish out there occasionally in the evenings after work.  I found where the fish were by talking to a member of the course that fishes out there in the mornings.  There are two main ponds that I fish and have caught a ton of bass, the majority of them being smaller but some good 4lbers and one that was around 7 or 8 lbs.

I live on a golf course and there are a few ponds i walk to in the evenings to fish.  All have bass.  Whenever I pick up a new lure I like to test it in these ponds.  It is amazing the size of the bass sometimes.

Everytime I drive by a golf coarse I wonder if there are fish in those ponds.

I am going to have to do alittle fence hopping tomorrow after work

I would assuse that an easy way to see if there are fish (maybe not bass specific, unless you can see them with your eyes) is to throw some pieces of bread in the water and see if anything eats it.