Trying to get this straight in my head.  NOT discussing rigs/ways to attach things; strictly lure types.  I'll post a category and short description.  Please fill me in on others as I learn more.

 

Crankbait: Hard-bodied lure, designed like baitfish, with a plastic clear bill on the front to stimulate action.

Jerkbait: Same as crankbait, but typically elongated and narrow, often floating lure

Lipless crankbait: same as crankbait but with no front clear bill

Flatfish: hard bodied, arched-shape lure with recessed bill

Propeller bait: similar to jerkbait with no front clear bill, replaced with metal "propeller" in front, rear, or both.

Swimbait: promotes action with multiple joints and/or soft plastic tail design.  Often the most realistic lure.

Spoons: concave metal with treble hook attached, skirted or not

Poppers: Floating lure with concave mouth to give "pop" on water surface, skirted or not

Frogs: weedless, floating, soft body lures

Spinner bait/chatter bait/buzz bait: often skirted with a trailer attached.  A visual or sound creating metal piece is attached separate from the lure

Jig head: weighted hook, often with plastic trailer attached

Soft plastics: molded lures designed to take on shapes of baitfish, worms, crawdads, etc.  Used as trailers or with jig heads.

Rooster tails: treble hook with skirt or tail, small spoon attached that spins.

 

 

 

6 hours ago, TedderX said:

Soft plastics: molded lures designed to take on shapes of baitfish, worms, crawdads, etc.  Used as trailers or with jig heads.

Best use alone Texas Rigged, Carolina Rigged, Drop Shot, or various othe "rigs".

Can be fished on top, mid-depth, or on the bottom!

9 hours ago, TedderX said:

Soft plastics: molded lures designed to take on shapes of baitfish, worms, crawdads, etc.  Used as trailers or with jig heads

A couple nit-picky things...

A skirt is this, the word you're looking for that goes on the back of a spoon or popper is a feathered or dressed treble, this.

Rooster Tail is a brand of inline spinner.