Here are some good tips on rod:
A lot of people get mistaken by power for action. Action is what you want for different type of fishing style. Power is were you want to fish it at. Length is how far or accurate you want your lure to land.
Action: There are a couple of action type. Extra Fast, Fast, Moderate Fast, Moderate, Moderate Slow, and Slow. If you're fishing for Bass you don't need anything below Moderate.
Here is what I recommend on action:
1) Use a Fast action rod for Finest, Frog, or anything that is weedless rigged "Somewhat like Texas rig." Why? You need the stiffness of the rod to set the hook so it can pierce the bass mouth. If your rod isn't stiff, it will not have enough Action strength to pierce.
2) Use a Moderate Fast action for non-weedless swimbait without treble hook and Spinnerbait. Why? This rod is a bit less stiffer then a fast action rod and it will not tear out when you set the hook. Spinner bait and non-weedless swimbait have expose hook. This exposure will set the hook better then a weedless or Texas rig without too much action strength for tearing.
3) Use a Moderate action for Cranking. Why? All crankbait have treble hook. You don't hardly need to set the hook because there is no way a bass will not be set if it gulps it. Why the moderate action? The bend of a moderate action rod keeps the line tight so it doesn't give much play for the treble hook to be release when the bass tries to shake it off.
Here comes power comes into play:
As for action, power also has a couple too. Ultra-Light, Light, Medium-Light, Medium, Medium-Heavy, Heavy, and Ultra-Heavy. For Bass fishing we're only going to use Medium to Heavy.
Here is what I recommend on power:
Someone stated that use a MH or Medium Heavy if you are weary. Yes, that is true, but sometimes if your casting for 3-4hour you would get tired.
1) Use a Medium rod if you're going to cast a lot such as crankbait, spinnerbait, swimbait, and spoon. Why Medium and not anything lighter? I wouldn't go lighter unless you're willing to risk losing your rod, lure, and fish if you catch anything big by mistake. You just never know when you catch a 6 to 9lb and wish you could have bought a heavier rod. Usually a medium would be enough power to handle anything what i'm saying when casting the mention lure above unless you are casting huge lure's then you'll switch to a more heavier rod. Then again, when you cast huge lures you would hardly reel it fast in except walking it back or slow retrieving it thus making you cast a lot less.
2) Use a Medium Heavy rod if you are weary. Also use it if you tend to cast bigger and heavier lures. This rod power is probably the best for jigging. Sometimes you need the extra power if you jigged in a heavier cover to bring out the fish.
3) Use a Heavy rod if you are pitching jig/worms into thick heavy cover. Heavy rod are excellent for frog fishing too. A heavy rod is were you need the power to pull out the bass from thick grass, moss, or whatever it's bind too. It's great to set the hook on a weedless lure as the bass pulls it into the cover so you don't snap the rod.
I've talked about Action and Power, but there is also length. There isn't much to length on rod except what I mention before. A longer rod gives more distance but lesser accuracy. A shorter rod gives more accuracy but lesser distance when casting. Longer rod are use more for pitching too, where as shorter rod are use more for casting. Sometimes length plays preference to a person and his like. Most people often buy 6'6" to 7'2" for casting and 7'2" to 7'11" for pitching. I've seen people use heavy rod that are 7'11" just to cast huge lures too. These are known for heavyweight bass fishing.
And last and not all, we have rod balance. If you're new and don't know what it is, it a weight that you put at the end of your rod to balance you're rod. Hardly everyone uses it. I would only recommend you to use it if you are putting a heavy lure on your rod and you notice the balance isn't correct anymore on your rod. What I mean by this is when your rod tip feels heavy and you end up trying to balance your rod with your wrist. In time it will cause your wrist to sore if you cast a lot. Use a weight balance and your wrist won't be so strain.