I'm fishing this area in Lake Erie from shore that I've attached. Where would you fish? Also I may not be able to venture far from the piers near my location on the map. How would you fish that? The deepest I've been able to cast to was about 6 feet of water.

sounds like you are pretty limited so i would start fan casting all the areas you can fish.  

Yeah, this isn't a fishing trip. It's a trip where I just so happened to bring my rods along haha. What setups, lures, techniques, etc? I'm guessing I would be targeting smallmouth? I've never really fished Lake Erie before....

Man, I have no experience there but I'd drag a tube, burn a lipless, fan cast a 1.0 squarebill, Zara spook. If that doesn't produce anything, go watch fishing on tv.

Fan cast a wacky, its my go to bait from the bank

Swim a grub, drag a tube, as much as I hate to fish them you can reach a long ways with a C rig. 

Fishing the Great Lakes from the shore is a borderline losing battle. Unless it's a bay known for it's fishing you need to be out in a little bit deeper water. You'd be better off doing some research of the area and finding a spot close by to get a line in in your free time. Or, just do what I do when the fishing is hopeless and practice your pitching.

Well... Fishing has been a bust from shore so far. I cast in all directions as far as I can with a 3/4 lipless crank. Count it down in all directions. 5-6 feet max. Couldn't find any structure whatsoever. Hopefully ill have luck at a long pier that I scouted the other day.